The SEED - In Situ

August 2022

(On sensory processing differences )

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“Saftey or Surveillance” 

by Yalda Heshmati l NYU

The other night, I decided to go for an evening summer stroll through one of my favorite Brooklyn neighborhoods. Just as I was settling into the quiet streets and summer breeze, I turned the corner onto Green Avenue and was flooded with hot, bright, white light from a nearby surveillance flood light. In addition to the glare caused by the light, the palpable hum of the generator cut through the night like a hand-saw from a construction site. 

 

As a New Yorker, I am familiar with the surveillance floodlights installed near public housing, in what Bill De Blasio has called  “problematic” areas. But this time, I couldn’t simply pass by. I photographed and recorded the stark experience generated by urban lighting that had me asking, "is this for safety or surveillance?"  According to Peter Nickeas of ABC news, “these fixtures produce 600,000 lumens of light, while a standard street light generates between 5,000 - 35,000 lumens and the brightest light at Yankee Stadium generates 150,000 lumens”. 

 

The visual and audio experience of surveillance lighting is challenging for neurotypicals (a term referred to people whose brain functioning falls within the society standards of what is deemed as “typical”). But have you ever wondered how someone who is sensitive to visual and auditory stimuli might cope with the discomfort, anxiety and stress produced by such inconsiderate urban lighting?

 

As a special education teacher and neurodivergent (term referred to people whose mind diverges from what is “typical”, considered by the society standards) advocate, I have learned a lot about how decisions made by governments and society can cause extreme discomfort for neurodivergent individuals. Research shows that 90% of autistic children experience sensory processing differences. (Balasco, Provenzano, Bozzi 2019) And time and time again, society fails to design for inclusion. "Crime-reducing lighting" in "problematic areas" is a clear example of this failure. A policy that is negatively affecting people who experience hypersensitivity.

 

"Research shows that 90% of autistic children experience sensory processing differences." And time and time again, society fails to design for inclusion. 

 The American Medical Association recognizes some of the common challenges for the general population associated with bright nighttime lighting such as reduced sleep times, dissatisfaction with sleep quality, excessive sleepiness, impaired daytime functioning and obesity. However; for individuals with sensory processing disorders, the challenges produced by high output urban lighting are far more significant.

 

We are all sensory beings with a certain threshold for input. Approximately 1 in 13 children in the US general population have a sensory processing disorder (Ahn et al., 2004; Ben-Sasson et al., 2009). When an individual receives more input from any of the nine senses (sight, touch, smell, taste, hearing, oral motor, vestibular, proprioceptive, and interoceptive) they experience sensory overload. For example, flashing overhead lights, or a loud environment, can all produce the symptoms of sensory overload. Some individuals with sensory processing disorder may experience Photophobia, formerly defined as "discomfort in bright light". According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, 80% of the population suffers from photophobia, which results in approximately 9 million children in the U.S. suffering from light sensitivity.

 

As lighting designers and active participants in our local communities, we understand the great impact that lighting design can have on one's sense of safety and comfort in daily life. We also recognize that comfort can not suffer in the interest of increased safety and that we need to design for neurodiversity across all scales and spectrums.

 

What is neurodiversity? How can lighting designers ensure neurodiversity is considered in their work?

 

by Deanna Fitzgerald

Read

Interested in learning more about our sensory system and neurodiversity? 

 

Sensory Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorders - Luigi Balasco

The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception - James J. Gibson

Neurodiversity Studies: A New Critical Paradigm - Nick Chown

Action in Perception - Alva Noe

 

 

 

 

THE SEED